Introduction to the Pug Breed
Origin and Naming:
The Pug, originally from China and also known as “Ha Ba Gou” in domestic terms, is a charming and elegant breed. In the late 18th century, it was officially named “Pug,” with the ancient meaning of the word referring to ghosts, lion noses, or little monkeys. Pugs often exhibit the issue of eyelashes turning inward, multiple folds on the head, susceptibility to eyelid inversion, and blockage of tear ducts, resulting in noticeable tear stains.
Historical Development:
Pugs have a long and rich history, believed to originate from Tibet, China. Dating back to ancient times, they were also referred to as “Mule dogs” or “Fu dogs” (still under verification). Pugs, along with the Pekingese and Shih Tzu, were among the earliest breeds in China with short noses. The modern name “Pug” is a transliteration from the English word “pug,” meaning “fist,” supposedly due to the resemblance of a Pug’s head to a clenched fist. There are various theories about the breed’s origin, ranging from being bred in the Scottish Lowlands and brought to Asia by Dutch traders to originating from Beijing dogs with subsequent crossbreeding with Bulldogs.
Physical Characteristics:
Pugs are known for their stable and charming temperament, displaying qualities of stability, cheerfulness, charm, nobility, friendliness, and loveliness.
Intelligence Quotient (IQ):
In the canine intelligence ranking, Pugs are placed 57th, considering factors such as intelligence and obedience. Research suggests a close connection between a Pug’s IQ, genetic factors, breed type, and postnatal training. Proper training methods and management are crucial for fostering a well-behaved and obedient Pug, emphasizing the importance of postnatal development. Pugs have distinct behavioral traits compared to humans, requiring early training for peaceful coexistence with their families. Training should start with simple tasks for Pug puppies, such as walking alongside, designated elimination areas, and designated feeding spots. Owners need to invest time and effort into training, as Pugs can be easily distracted, and multiple training sessions may be required. While Pugs may not be as intelligent as Border Collies or Golden Retrievers, with appropriate training, they can adapt well to human companionship.
